






& 

o 



* **$ 



A 



19/4- 



Author 



Title 



Imprint 



lft— 47372-2 6PO 



'epartm^iit of Public Instruction 

EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS 



Bulletin No. 7 



Vocational Series No. 



Regulations Governing Vocational 

Agricultural Schools and 

Departments in 

Indiana 



INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA 
April, 1914 



Department of Public Instruction 

EDUCATIONAL PUBLICATIONS 

Bulletin No. 7 Vocational Series No. 5 



Regulations Governing Vocational 

Agricultural Schools and 

Departments in 

Indiana 



INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA 
April, 1914 






APPROVED BY THE STATE BOARD OP EDUCATION 



(t) 



o 

-4 



DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 

VOCATIONAL DIVISION 



Charles A. Greathouse 
Superintendent of Public Instruction 



William Frederick Book 
Deputy Superintendent in Charge Vocational Education 



Z. M. Smith 
Supervisor of Agricultural Education 



(3) 



CONTENTS. 



Introduction 



Page 



• 



Vocational Agricultural Schools and Departments 9 

1. The Need 9 

2. The Enrollment 9 

3. The Location 10 

4. Laboratory Equipment 10 

5. The Teacher 10 

6. Courses of Study 11 

7. Part-time Classes 12 

8. Evening Classes 13 

9. Home Work 13 

10. Demonstration Plots 14 

1 1 . Advisory Committee 14 

12. Approval of Work 14 

13. Communications to the State Board 15 

14. Home Economics 15 



(5) 



INTRODUCTORY. 

The purpose of this bulletin is to give information relative to 
establishing vocational agricultural schools and departments in 
accordance with the provisions of the Vocational Education Law 
which was passed by the Indiana State Legislature in 1913. 

Section 13 of the Vocational Education Law reads as follows: 
' ' Vocational schools or departments for industrial, agricultural and 
domestic science education shall so long as they are approved by the 
state board of education as to organization, location, equipment, 
courses of study, qualification of teachers, methods of instruction, 
conditions of admission, employment of pupils and expenditures of 
money, constitute approved vocational schools or departments. 
School cities, and towns and townships maintaining such approved 
vocational schools shall receive reimbursement as provided in this 
act." The amount of the reimbursement shall be " equal to two- 
thirds of the sum expended for instruction in vocational and tech- 
nical subjects authorized and approved by the State Board of 
Education." 

The first draft of the manuscript for this bulletin was sub- 
mitted to President W. E. Stone, and Superintendent G-. I. Christie 
of Purdue University. At their suggestion, one or two changes 
were made. After a committee of the state board of education had 
approved the subject matter, it was discussed at a regular meeting 
of the board. The subject matter in its present form was adopted 
by the state board on Thursday, March 26, 1914. 

Z. M. Smith, 
Supervisor of Agricultural Education. 



(7) 



VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS AND 
DEPARTMENTS. 

1. The Need: Should a board of school trustees or school com- 
missioners, or a township trustee, desire to establish a vocational 
agricultural school or department, the first step should be to ascer- 
tain the sentiment of the community relative to the need of such a 
school or department. Unless a lively interest in the movement is 
manifested by the people of the community that would be served 
by the school or department, and unless there is manifestly a need 
for the type of instruction that would be given, it would not be 
advisable to proceed with the work of organization. 

Evidence of proper community interest must be furnished to 
the state board of education. 

2. The Enrollment: If there is sufficient interest to warrant 
the establishing of the school or department, the names of those 
who would enroll the first term should be secured. The probable 
membership for the first three years should be ascertained as nearly 
as possible. 

Attendance upon either day or part time classes in the schools 
or departments under consideration is restricted by law to persons 
over 14 and under 25 years of age. Only persons over 17 years of 
age may be admitted to the evening classes. In addition to meet- 
ing the age requirements each pupil must have a certificate of 
graduation from the eighth grade, or give other satisfactory evi- 
dence of ability to profit by the instruction. 

The enrollment must be such as to insure an average daily 
attendance, in each day, part time, or evening class organized, of 
not less than fifteen nor more than twenty-five pupils for each 
teacher employed to give his or her whole time to the school or 
department. Pupils enrolled in the vocational agricultural school 
or department must devote their whole time to the work of tihe 
school or department. None but those regularly enrolled in the 
school or department can be admitted to either day, part time, or 
evening classes. 

Clause 6, Section 1 of the Vocational Education Law, reads as 
follows: "Approved industrial, agricultural or domestic science 
school or department shall mean an organization under a separate 
director or head, of courses, pupils and teachers approved by the 
state board of education designed to give either industrial, agricul- 
tural or domestic science education as herein defined. ' ' 

(0) 



10 Vocational Education* in Indiana. 

3. The Location: The location of the school or department 
should meet with the hearty approval of the people in the com- 
munity which is to be served. The state board of education should 
approve of the location before final action on the matter is taken. 
The building must meet all the requirements of the state board of 
health. 

If the work is established as a department, the room or rooms 
devoted to the work must not be used by pupils in other classes in 
such a way as to interfere with the vocational work. It is advisable 
that day classes be given exclusive use of the rooms set apart for 
vocational work. 

4. Laboratory Equipment: The school or department must be 
equipped with apparatus sufficient for thorough work of secondary 
grade in soils, crops, animal husbandry, dairying, poultry, horti- 
culture, carpentry and blacksmithing, or for such of these lines of 
work as are to be taken up. 

A list of the apparatus to be used in the vocational school or 
department must be submitted to the state board of education for 
approval in advance of its purchase and installment. Duplication 
of apparatus for use in the vocational department and in the regu- 
lar academic work should be avoided to as great an extent as 
possible. 

5. The Teacher: If the conditions as to community interest, 
enrollment, location and equipment can be fully met, the state 
supervisor of agricultural education should be consulted and steps 
taken toward securing the teacher or teachers. 

The teacher of the agricultural subjects must be a graduate of a 
commissioned high school or its equivalent and must have com- 
pleted a regular four years course in a standard agricultural col- 
lege, or must submit to the state board of education proof of an 
equivalent technical training in agriculture. He must have had 
successful experience as a teacher, and must have had farm experi- 
ence sufficient to familiarize him with practical farm methods. He 
must be employed for a term of twelve months because a very im- 
portant part of his work will be done during the summer. He must 
devote all of his time to the vocational school or department. Be- 
fore he is employed, he must have been licensed by the state board 
of education to teach in a vocational agricultural school or depart- 
ment. Teachers of the related academic subjects must meet the 
standard qualifications required by law for teachers of high school 
subjects. Teachers of these subjects need not necessarily devote 



Agricultural Schools and Departments. 11 

all of their time to the vocational work, but their training and 
experience must have been such as to insure their complete sym- 
pathy with the practical application of their subjects to the voca- 
tional work. 

6. Courses of Study: After the teacher of the agricultural 
subjects has been selected he, together with his superintendent and 
board of school commissioners, shall prepare in detail an outline of 
the courses of study which are to be offered in the school or depart- 
ment. These courses of study together with a list of the proposed 
laboratory equipment and a complete list of the books in the school 
library must be submitted to the state board of education, at least 
thirty days before the beginning of the school term, for approval in 
advance. Approval in advance will not guarantee state aid. Such 
approval merely authorizes the school officials to undertake the 
work on a vocational basis with the understanding that state aid 
will be granted if the work be done in a manner satisfactory to the 
state board. The courses must be separate and distinct from the 
pre-vocational work required by law in the elementary and high 
school grades. 

If the. school authorities decide upon a four years course the 
following is recommended and should be adhered to in general : 

Course of Study.* 

First Year. 

English 4 R 

Horticulture 3R-2L 

Soils and Fertilizers 3 R-2 L 

Mechanical Drawing and Wood "Working. . 2 L 

Mathematics 3 R 

Home Project Work 

Second Year. 

English 3 R 

Civics 3 R 

Mathematics 2 R 

Dairying 3 R-2 L 

Farm Crops (not limited to Botany) 3 R-2 L 

Mechanical Drawing and Wood Working. . 2 L 

Home Project Work 

*Class recitations shall be not less than forty minutes and laboratory periods not less than eighty 
minutes each. Numerals denote number of periods per week. R— Recitations. L — Laboratory. 



12 Vocational Education in Indiana. 

Third Year. 

English 3 R 

U. S. History 3 R 

Farm Accounting' 3 R 

Physics (not academic) 3R-2L 

Animal Husbandry 3 R - 2 L 

Carpentry 2 L 

Home Project "Work 

Fourth Year. 

Farm Management (including marketing) 5 R 

Poultry 2 R - 2 L 

General History (elective). 

Farm Mechanics and Engineering 2R-1L 

Chemistry (not academic) 3 R - 2 L 

Forging and Blaeksmithing 1R-2L 

Home Project Work 

It is not necessary that a four-year course be offered. The work 
should be organized in the way that will best serve the needs of the 
community. Courses may cover either four, three or two years, or 
even one year. In some communities there may be needed half 
year, twelve or eight weeks unit courses. Short unit courses must 
necessarily deal with a vocational subject included in the course 
suggested for four years work. 

Certificates of graduation shall not be issued, but a certified 
statement of the kind and amount of work completed shall be given 
to each student upon his withdrawal from the school. 

The work in the related academic subjects must be given a dis- 
tinctly practical bearing on the agricultural subjects. English and 
mathematics easily lend themselves to this practical treatment. 
History (not history of agriculture) should be emphasized on the 
industrial side, as it relates to agriculture, and civics should deal 
with the practical phases of local, state, and national government. 

7. Part-time Classes: Clause 8, Section 1, of the Vocational 
Education Law is as follows: "Part-time classes in an industrial, 
agricultural or domestic science school or department, shall mean 
a vocational class for persons giving a part of their working time to 
profitable employment and receiving in the part-time school or 
department, instruction complementary to the practical work ear- 



Agricultural Schools and Departments. 13 

ried on in such employment. To give a part of their working time 
such persons must give a part of each day, week or longer period to 
such part-time class during the period in which it is in session. ' ' 

All the regulations governing the vocational agricultural schools 
or departments shall apply to the work of the part-time classes 
except the regulations covering "Home Work" and "Demonstra- 
tion Plots." 

8. Evening Classes: In Clause 7, Section 1, of the Vocational 
Education Law is the following statement: "Evening class in an 
industrial, agricultural or domestic science school or department 
shall mean a class giving such training as can be taken by persons 
already employed during the working day, and which in order to 
be called vocational must in its instruction deal with the subject- 
matter of the day employment, and be so carried on as to relate to 
the day employment." 

All regulations governing the vocational agricultural schools or 
departments shall apply to the work of the evening classes except 
the regulations covering "Home Work" and "Demonstration 
Plots." 

9. Home Work: Each pupil in the day classes of the voca- 
tional agricultural school or department must select a line or lines 
of practical farm work to be pursued at home during winter and 
summer as an integral part of his course of study. The teacher 
must submit to the state board of education, within three weeks 
after the beginning of the school term, an outline of the home work 
to be pursued by each pupil. With each outline must be given the 
name, age, postoffice address, and general home conditions of the 
pupil who is to do the work. 

The projects for the winter months may consist in feeding sAvine, 
sheep, cattle, or poultry, for market; feeding poultry for egg 
production ; caring for a dairy cow and her products ; caring for a 
team of horses, or a brood sow ; selecting, testing and grading seeds 
for farm crops ; poultry hatching, etc. 

Most of the above named projects are suitable for summer. To 
these may be added corn growing, gardening, canning fruits and 
vegetables, marketing farm products, small fruit growing, etc. 

Both the winter and the summer project work must be person- 
ally supervised and inspected by the agricultural teacher. Each 
pupil must keep a careful record of his home work and must make 
a written report to be submitted to the state board of education 
upon the completion of the project. 



14 Vocational Education in Indiana. 

10. Demonstration Plots: Full provision must be made for 
work on ground owned by or under the control of the school corpo- 
ration. If the ground is leased, the contract should provide for a 
lease of not less than ten years. At least one-tenth of an acre 
should be provided for each pupil enrolled. No attempt should be 
made to use the ground as a model farm. It should be used for lab- 
oratory purposes in demonstrating seed bed preparation, conditions 
essential to germination, proper methods of adding vegetable mat- 
ter to the soil, hot bed construction and management, home garden 
plans, methods of cultivation, fruit growing, etc. 

It is not necessary that these plots be cultivated by the pupils 
ilining the summer, because the important part of the work with 
land is provided for in the home projects. However, the ground 
might be tilled, under the direction of the agricultural teacher, by 
the pupils who live in town, or by energetic boys who are not 
enrolled in the school or department. 

11. Advisory Committee: The advisory committee provided 
for in Section 9 of the Vocational Education Law shall consist of 
five members, three of which at least shall be actively .engaged in 
some phase of farming. It is advisable that one or two members of 
the committee be women who are wholly familiar with farm home 
problems. In accordance with the provisions in the law, the duty 
of the advisory committee shall be to "counsel with and advise the 
board and other school officials responsible for the management and 
supervision of ' ' the vocational agricultural school or department. 

The board of education or township trustee administering the 
school or department in question shall appoint the advisory com- 
mittee. The appointments must be approved by the state board of 
education. Before steps are taken to secure the agricultural teach- 
er, the board of education or township trustee must submit to the 
state board of education the names of the members of the advisory 
committee together with a full statement of the qualifications of 
each person for a position on the committee. Within thirty days 
after the names have been submitted, the state board of education 
shall take final action on the question of approval. 

12. Approval of Work: The action of the state board of edu- 
cation relative to approval of the work of the vocational agricul- 
tural school or department shall be based on the report made by the 
board of education or school trustee through the teacher of agricul- 
ture, and the reports made by the state supervisor of agricultural 
education. These reports must be submitted in writing to the 



Agricultural Schools and Departments. 15 

state board of education on or before July 1st, of each year, imme- 
diately following the completion of the work. 

13. Communications to the State Board: All reports required 
to be made to the state board of education and requests for infor- 
mation not contained in this bulletin relative to vocational agricul- 
tural schools or departments should be addressed to either the state 
superintendent of public instruction or the state supervisor of 
agricultural education, Department Public Instruction, Indian- 
apolis. 

14. Home Economics: Wherever vocational agricultural 
schools or departments are established, there will be, no doubt, a 
need for home economics work for girls. Courses covering the home 
economics subjects have not been included in this bulletin, because 
these courses will be outlined in a special bulletin dealing with the 
special schools or departments for domestic science or home-making. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



000E7442b3fl 



